Construction and Validation of a Social Interaction Scale for Futsal Players Based on Modern Psychometric Models

Abstract

The study aimed to develop and standardize a Social Interaction Scale for futsal players representing the Middle Euphrates universities based on modern psychometric models. It also sought to examine the scale's psychometric properties, including validity, reliability, internal consistency, and discriminative power, as well as establish normative levels for interpreting players' scores. The researcher adopted the descriptive survey method. The study population and sample consisted of 96 futsal players representing the Middle Euphrates universities during the 2025–2026 academic season. The final version of the scale included 14 items designed according to a five-point Likert scale. The results revealed that the scale demonstrated high levels of validity, reliability, internal consistency, and item discrimination, confirming its suitability for measuring social interaction among futsal players. Furthermore, normative levels were established to facilitate score interpretation and player classification according to their social interaction levels. The study concluded that the scale constitutes a valid scientific tool for psychological assessment and evaluation in sports settings and recommends its use in university sports environments, talent identification, and psychological counseling programs.