The Practice of Sport as Both a Protective and a Risk Factor for Children's Mental Health

Abstract

This study aimed to highlight the role of sports participation as both a protective factor and a risk factor for children's mental health. The study was based on a review and analysis of the scientific literature addressing the relationship between physical activity and children's mental well-being. The findings showed that sports participation contributes positively to mental health by enhancing self-esteem, developing social and communication skills, improving concentration and autonomy, and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, the study also revealed that certain conditions associated with sports practice, such as competitive pressure, sports injuries, psychological violence, early specialization, and excessive expectations regarding performance and success, may negatively affect children's psychological well-being. The study concludes that the psychological impact of sport depends more on the context and conditions of participation than on the sport itself. Therefore, creating a safe and supportive sporting environment that takes into account children's psychological and educational needs is essential for promoting positive mental health outcomes.